Frozen shoulder — adhesive capsulitis — disproportionately strikes women aged 40–60, and three quarters of patients are female. This is not a coincidence. Estrogen protects connective tissue and prevents fibrosis; when it declines in perimenopause, shoulder joint capsules become vulnerable. Research from Duke University found women not on hormone therapy had nearly double the odds of the condition. VibranceWay's Cathy breaks down the mechanism, the three stages, and what trea